I'm not sure what the difference between the black bristles and the white and blue bristles is, but the former seems to be much better quality.
I used the head with the white bristles first, and it shed several bristles the first two times I used it. That wasn't a big deal by itself. Those bristles were also quite rough on my gums. The wooden part of the toothbrush head also popped off the plastic part that secures it to the motor arm, rendering that head useless, after only 4 uses.
The other head hasn't shed any bristles yet, is still intact 2 weeks in, and has struck an extremely good balance between cleaning teeth and gums while not being so rough on the gums. My teeth feel like I've just come back from a dental cleaning each time I use this brush head.
I'm not sure if the first head was just a fluke, but if the white-bristle head is consistently going to have more shedding bristles, harsher on the gums, longevity issues, etc. I'd rather just buy two of the heads with the black bristles. It somewhat defeats the purpose of reducing waste if I only want to use one of the two heads in the package.